Introduction
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectio
us disease caused by severe acute respiratory sy
ndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).[9] It was
first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hu
bei, China, and has resulted in an ongoing pand
emic. On 5 October, the WHO said that one in te
n people around the world (around 800 million) m
ay have been infected with COVID–19.[10] As of 7
October 2020, 35.8 million cases have been rep
orted across 188 countries and territories with
more than 1.05 million deaths; more than 24.9
million people have recovered.[8]
Common symptoms include fever, cough, fatigue, shor
tness of breath or breathing difficulties, an
d loss of smell and taste.[6] While most p
eople have mild symptoms, some people devel
op acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS
)
possibly precipitated by cytokine storm,[11]
multi-organ failure, septic shock, and blood clots.
The incubation period may range from one to fou
rteen days.[12]
The disease spreads most often when people are phys
ically close.[a] It spreads very easily an
d sustainably through the air, primarily via
small droplets and sometimes in aerosols, a
s an infected person breathes, coughs, snee
zes, talks, or sings.[14][15] It may also
be transmitted via contaminated surfaces,
although this has not been conclusively dem
onstrated.[15][16][17] It can spread for up t
o two days prior to symptom onset and from
people who are asymptomatic.[15] People rem
ain infectious for seven to twelve days in
moderate cases and up to two weeks in sever
e cases.[15][12] The standard method of diag a
nosis is by real-time reverse transcription po
lymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) from a naso
pharyngeal swab. Chest CT imaging may also be
helpful for diagnosis in individuals where th
ere is a high suspicion of infection based on
symptoms and risk factors, however guidelines do
not recommend using it for routine screening.
Recommended measures to prevent infection include fr
equent hand washing, social distancing, quarantine,
covering coughs and sneezes, and keeping unwashed h
ands away from the face.[7] The use of face masks o
r cloth face coverings such as a scarf or a bandan
a has been recommended by health officials in public
settings to minimise the risk of transmissions, with
some authorities requiring their use in certain setti
ngs, such as on public transport and in shops. Health
officials also stated that medical-grade face masks,
such as N95 masks, should be used only by healthcare
workers, first responders, and those who directly c
are for infected individuals.
There are no proven vaccines or specific treatments for
COVID-19 yet, though several are in development. M
anagement involves the treatment of symptoms, supp
ortive care, isolation, and experimental measures
. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the
COVID-19 outbreak a Public Health Emergency of Inte
rnational Concern (PHEIC)[18][19] on 30 January 202
0 and a pandemic on 11 March 2020.[20] Local transmi
ssion of the disease has occurred in most countries
across all six WHO regions.[21]
Longer-term damage to organs (in particular lungs an
d heart) has been observed, and there is concern
about a significant number of patients who have re
covered from the acute phase of the disease but co
ntinue to experience a range of effects including s
evere fatigue, memory loss and other cognitive issu
es, low grade fever, muscle weakness, breathlessne
ss and other symptoms for months afterwards.[22][23]
[24][25][26]
Symptoms
A)Most common symptoms:
1)fever
2)dry cough
3)tiredness
B)Less common symptoms:
1)aches and pains
2)sore throat
3)diarrhoea
4)conjunctivitis
5)headache
6)loss of taste or smell
7)a rash on skin, or discolouration of fingers or toes
Preventing Measures
1. Wash your hands frequently and carefully
2. Avoid touching your face
3. Stop shaking hands and hugging people for now
4. Do not share personal items
5. Cover your mouth and nose when you cough and sneeze
6. Clean and disinfect surfaces
7. Take physical (social) distancing seriously
8. Do not gather in groups
9. Avoid eating or drinking in public places
10. Wash fresh groceries
11. Wear a (homemade) mask
12. Self-quarantine if sick
To see the daily cases of Covid-19 click the
COVID-19 below to see it.
COVID-19
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